1. Why code is not good ?
Every new comer to IT industry faces first question in his/her job “How do I write professional code ?” but before he/she gets the answer code has to be written to make software work becuase of deadlines.
So for a novice to write a beautiful code it will normally happens only after 1/2 or a year but already there is lot of crap left behind isn’t it?

2. How to write better code ?
I always beleive in code templates and modularization of code.
2.1 Code templates : will be helpful to write code faster and cleaner. Every organization should come up with basic and commonly needed API ( application programming Interfaces ) and these should be used where ever applicable.
2.2 Modularization : Write the code in modules e.g: Class methods,functions or Subroutines. This will increase code re-usability and less errors. Maintenace is always less and easy as only one place fix needs to be done.
2.3 Coding guidelines
Traning should always be there for all developers to make them aware of every possible coding guideline.
Coding guidelines improve readability and maintenace as well.
e.g: Local variable in a Method
a) lv_counter : Local Variable
b) lr_rectangle : Local Reference

Regards,
Vijay