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July 25th, 2009

BUY Clonidine ONLINE WITHOUT PRESCRIPTION, I blogged about fluent interfaces and expression builders a couple of times before. Buying Clonidine online over the counter, For this post, I want to share a base class that I've been using for taking away some of the burden when creating expression builders for domain classes.

Here's the expression I'm after:

var document = DocumentBuilder.BuildDocument()    .AuthoredBy("Stephen Hawking")    .Titled("The Universe in a Nutshell")    .TaggedWith(tag => tag.Named("Physics"))    .Build();

This creates an instance of a domain class named Document with the name of the author, buy cheap Clonidine no rx, Where can i order Clonidine without prescription, its title and with an associated tag. Let me first show the code of the expression builders that make this happen.

public interface IDocumentAuthorBuilder{    IDocumentTitleBuilder AuthoredBy(String author);}

public interface IDocumentTitleBuilder{ IDocumentTagBuilder Titled(String title);}

public interface IDocumentTagBuilder : IBuilder<Document>{ IDocumentTagBuilder TaggedWith(Action<ITagBuilder>
buildUsing);}

public class DocumentBuilder : Builder<Document>, order Clonidine from mexican pharmacy, Clonidine trusted pharmacy reviews, IDocumentAuthorBuilder, IDocumentTitleBuilder, online buying Clonidine hcl, Purchase Clonidine online, IDocumentTagBuilder{ private DocumentBuilder() {}

public static IDocumentAuthorBuilder BuildDocument() { return new DocumentBuilder(); }

IDocumentTitleBuilder AuthoredBy(String author) { ProvideValueFor(document => document.Author, author); return this; }

IDocumentTagBuilder Titled(String title) { ProvideValueFor(document => document.Title, order Clonidine online overnight delivery no prescription, Rx free Clonidine, title); return this; }

public IDocumentTagBuilder TaggedWith(Action<ITagBuilder>
buildUsing) { var tagBuilder = new TagBuilder(tag =>
ProvideValueFor(document => document.Tags, tag));

buildUsing(tagBuilder); return this; }}

public interface ITagBuilder{ void Named(String name);}

public class TagBuilder : ITagBuilder{ private readonly Action<Tag> _afterBuildAction;

public TagBuilder(Action<Tag> afterBuildAction) { _afterBuildAction = afterBuildAction; }

public void Named(String name) { var tag = new Tag(name); _afterBuildAction(tag); }}

The expression builders all provide progressive interfaces, where can i buy cheapest Clonidine online. Order Clonidine no prescription, Also notice that the DocumentBuilder derives from a base class named Builder. This class provides a method ProvideValueFor that is used to feed the base class with the name of a property and a corresponding value. Collections are also supported, canada, mexico, india. Here's the code for the Builder class, BUY Clonidine ONLINE WITHOUT PRESCRIPTION. Buy Clonidine no prescription,

public interface IBuilder<T>{    T Build();}

public abstract class Builder<T> : IBuilder<T>{ private Dictionary<PropertyInfo, Object> PropertiesAndValues
{ get; set; }

protected Builder() { PropertiesAndValues =
new Dictionary<PropertyInfo, buy Clonidine from mexico, Clonidine gel, ointment, cream, pill, spray, continuous-release, extended-release, Object>(); }

public static implicit operator T(Builder<T> builder) { return builder.Build(); }

protected void ProvideValueFor(Expression<Func<T, Object>> expression, comprar en línea Clonidine, comprar Clonidine baratos, Buy Clonidine ONLINE WITHOUT prescription, Object value) { var property = ReflectionHelper.GetProperty(expression);

if(false == PropertiesAndValues.ContainsKey(property)) RegisterPropertyAndValue(property, value); else SetPropertyAndValue(property, order Clonidine no prescription, Buy cheap Clonidine, value); }

private void SetPropertyAndValue(PropertyInfo property,
Object value) { if(IsCollection(property)) { var values = (List<Object>) PropertiesAndValues[property]; values.Add(value); } else { PropertiesAndValues[property] = value;
} }

private void RegisterPropertyAndValue(PropertyInfo property, order Clonidine online overnight delivery no prescription, Where can i find Clonidine online, Object value) { if(IsCollection(property)) PropertiesAndValues.Add(property,
new List<Object>() { value });
else PropertiesAndValues.Add(property, order Clonidine from mexican pharmacy, Buy Clonidine without prescription, value);
}

private static Boolean IsCollection(PropertyInfo property) { if(property.PropertyType == typeof(String)) return false;

var collectionType = typeof(IEnumerable<>); return IsCollectionOfType(collectionType,
property.PropertyType); }

private static Boolean IsCollection(FieldInfo field) { var collectionType = typeof(ICollection<>); return IsCollectionOfType(collectionType, online buying Clonidine hcl, Where can i buy Clonidine online, field.FieldType); }

private static Boolean IsCollectionOfType(Type collectionType,
Type type) { if(collectionType.Name == type.Name) return true;

var interfaces = type.GetInterfaces(); return interfaces.Has(@interface =>
@interface.Name == collectionType.Name);
}

public T Build() { var typeToBuild = typeof(T); if(false == HasParameterlessConstructor(typeToBuild)) throw new InvalidOperationException( "No parameterless constructor.");

var instance = (T)Activator.CreateInstance(typeToBuild, where can i order Clonidine without prescription, Buy Clonidine from canada, true); foreach(var entry in PropertiesAndValues) { var property = entry.Key; if(IsCollection(property)) SetCollectionValuesFor(property, instance, online buy Clonidine without a prescription, Kjøpe Clonidine på nett, köpa Clonidine online, (List<Object>) entry.Value); else SetValueFor(property, instance, Clonidine samples, Purchase Clonidine online, entry.Value); }

return instance; }

private static Boolean HasParameterlessConstructor(Type type) { const BindingFlags bindingFlags =
BindingFlags.Public |
BindingFlags.NonPublic |
BindingFlags.Instance;

var defaultConstructor =
type.GetConstructor(bindingFlags, null, rx free Clonidine, Clonidine from canadian pharmacy, new Type[0], null); return null != defaultConstructor; }

private static void SetValueFor(PropertyInfo property, T instance,
Object value) { property.SetValue(instance, value, null);
}

private static void SetCollectionValuesFor(PropertyInfo property,
T instance,
List<Object> values) { var backingField = BackingFieldResolver.GetBackingField(property); if(false == IsCollection(backingField)) { var message = String.Format( ResourceLoader<Builder<T>> .GetString("InvalidCollectionType"), property.Name);

throw new InvalidOperationException(message);
}

var collection = property.GetValue(instance, null); foreach(var value in values) { const BindingFlags bindingFlags =
BindingFlags.Public |
BindingFlags.Instance |
BindingFlags.InvokeMethod;

backingField.FieldType .InvokeMember("Add", bindingFlags, null,
collection, new[] { value }); } }}

Using this approach, its no longer necessary to make any compromise of exposing property setters or a dedicated constructor just for serving the expression builders. The Builder class uses refection to set the value of a property or to fill a collection. The BackingFieldResolver is a class I picked up from this post. Very cool stuff!

I have only used this approach in a couple of side projects, but let me know you think.

Till next time.

.

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  • http://smellegantcode.wordpress.com Daniel Earwicker

    I’d like to second Chris Martin’s comment, but go further:

    var doc = new Document
    {
    Author = “Stephen Hawking”,
    Title = “The Universe in a Nutshell”,
    Tags = new[]
    {
    new Tag { Name = “Physics” }
    }
    };

    Where ‘Tags’ is an IEnumerable property.

    Or, even better (if these things are required for the constructed object to make sense):

    var doc = new Document(“Stephen Hawking”,
    “The Universe in a Nutshell”,
    new Tag { Name = “Physics” });

    Where the third parameter is ‘params Tag[] tags’ to allow multiple tags.

    Fluent methods are a syntax hack used in less expressive languages (Java, C ) and have no real place in C# 3.0 anymore.

  • http://www.johnnyhall.co.uk Johnny Hall

    Hi. Great stuff, I’ve got builders liberally sprinkled around my domain and I think they are invaluable.

    Any chance you could bundle the code up into a zip? It has a couple of dependencies (ReflectionHelper, BackingFieldResolver (which itself seems to depend on Mono)) and I think you have an extension method or two in there(Has and Name on Type).

    Setters are the work of the devil. There’s a view that Getters aren’t too clever either but that’s a whole nother can o worms.

  • Valeriu Caraulean

    @Johnny Hall
    Can you give few examples how you’re using it in your domain?

    Because i’m strugling to see any usefulness of fluent interfaces outside of places where a kind of configuration API is required. Here, done right, the fluency works very well because of it’s discoverable nature.

    But to use it as a replacement for property setters – in my opinion this sounds wrong…

  • http://www.johnnyhall.co.uk Johnny Hall

    I have a (configurable, multi-tenant) navigation system, where I have to set up pages with a bunch of properties and relationships. Without the builder, I have either created (the initial configuration) pages directly from the constructor, or from a factory. Both ways, the code very quickly ends up looking a mess.

    Now I have something like this:

    var security = NavigationBuilder
    .ForApplication(Application.Security)
    .ForTenant(Root.Tenant)
    .AddPages(
    PageBuilder.Named(“main”),
    PageBuilder.Named(“home”).AsController(),
    PageBuilder.Named(“dashboard”),
    PageBuilder.Named(“administration”).ForParent(“main”).AsController()
    )
    .Build();

    The indentation inside AddPages is simply there to make it a bit more readable.

  • http://www.johnnyhall.co.uk Johnny Hall

    Ah, ok, the indentation has disappeared. But it’s there in spirit.

  • http://www.johnnyhall.co.uk Johnny Hall

    @Valeriu Caraulean
    And I guess that code is a configuration API.

  • mh

    Is there a reflectionhelper class that goes with this?

  • http://elegantcode.com Jan Van Ryswyck

    @Valeriu: Expression builders are especially useful to create and set up an entire aggregate root with all its entities and value objects. No place for behavior. I was just making a point against setters on domain objects.

    @Johnny: Agreed on getters. Very hard to do and I’ve learned to live with them. Using static analysis for preventing procedural abuse. The code is part of a small sample app I’ve been working on. Maybe at a given point I’ll put it out there somewhere.

    This is the code for the ReflectionHelper class.
    http://snipplr.com/view/17521/reflectionhelper/

  • http://evain.net/blog Jb Evain

    That’s indeed a cool usage of the backing field resolver. Glad that it is useful to you!

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